IPA Symbols
IPA Symbols
IPA:
IPA is an abbreviation for International Phonetic Alphabet or International
Phonetic Association. The association was formed by expert phoneticians of
several languages. The IPA has designed symbols and these symbols represent all
the sounds of all major languages spoken the world over. English has made a
selection of 44 sounds to represent English sounds.
Vowels Pure vowels (monophthongs) 12
= 20
Diphthongs (vowel glides) 8
Consonants Voiceless sounds 9
= 24
Voiced sounds
15
English
Speech Sounds:
English has 26 letters, but has 44 sounds. The
26 letters represent 44 sounds.
Phonemic Symbols:
Phonetic symbols represent speech
sounds. They are written within two slants or slashes //. For example, /i:/ represents ‘ee’ as in deep or as in deal. The
phonemic symbols do not represent the letters used in the alphabet, but
represent sound values.
IPA Symbols
Vowels Diphthongs
1 / iː/ as in beat /eɪ / as in paid.
2 /ɪ
/ as in bit / aɪ / as in sight
3 / e / as in bet / ɔɪ/ as in boy
4 / æ / as
in bat / əʊ
/ as in go
5 / ɑː/ as in past / aʊ / as in cow
6 / ɒ / as in pot / ɪə
/ as in dear
8 / ʊ / as in put / ʊə
/ as in poor
9 / uː/ as in pool
10 / ʌ / as in sun
11 / ɜː/ as in bird
12 / ə / as in about
Consonants
Voiceless sounds Voiced sounds
1 / p / as in pit 1 / b / as in bit
2 / t / as in took 2 / d
/ as in den
3 / k / as in kit 3 / g / as in get
4 / tʃ / as in bench 4 / dʒ / as in judge
5 / f / as in fan 5 / v / as in van
6 / θ / as in thick 6 / ð / as in then
7 / s / as in sit 7 / z / as in zoo
8 / ʃ / as in ship 8 / ʒ
/ as in measure
9 / h / as in hill 9 / m / as in man
10 / n
/ as in nun
11 / ŋ / as in sing
12
/ l
/ as in leave
13
/ r
/ as in room
14
/ j
/ as in yet
15
/ w
/ as in well
English
There
are differences between the spelling and the sounds in English. There is no co-ordination between the spelling and the
pronunciation of English words. It may be as:
One
letter = many sounds
/ ɑ / ---- Village /ɪ /, Many / e
/, Card / ɑː/, Pad / æ /
Want / ɒ
/, War / ɔː/,Around / ə
/,Care / eə
/,Idea / ɪə
/.
Many
letters one sound
/ k /---------
Kill,
Combination
of letters ‘ough’ in certain words:
Though /ðəʊ/ /əʊ/
Through / θruː/ /uː/
Thorough / θʌrə/ /ə/
Bough / baʊ/ / aʊ/
Bought / bɔːt/ / ɔː/
Rough / rʌf/ / ʌ/
Cough / kɒf/ / ɒ/
******************************************************************
Posts
No comments: